英语翻译基础2014（357）【试题+答案】
2014年山东大学357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解
I. Phrase Translation
- CIF
【答案】成本加保险费加运费Cost,InsuranceandFreight
- NASA
【答案】美国国家航空航天局
- Jerusalem
【答案】耶路撒冷
- INTERPOL
【答案】国际刑警组织
- QDII
【答案】合格境内机构投资者QualifiedDomesticInstitutionalInvestor
- microbe
【答案】微生物
- migrant worker
【答案】农民工
- general administration of sport
【答案】国家体育总局
- Nobel Laureate
【答案】诺贝尔奖得主
- microfinance
【答案】微观金融；小微金融；小额信贷
- international Maritime organization
【答案】国际海事组织
- All-China Sports Federation
【答案】中华全国体育总会
- Terra-Cotta Warriors
【答案】兵马诵
- gender disparity
【答案】性别差异
15.针灸疗法
【答案】 Chinese acupuncture and moxibustion therapy
16.聘礼
【答案】betrothal gift
17.双面绣
【答案】Double-facedEmbroidery
18.儿童文学
【答案】Children’s Literature
19.普通法
【答案】CommonLaw
20.杂货商店
【答案】Grocery store
21.法律援助
【答案】Legal aid
22.学前儿童
【答案】preschool-age children
23．小康社会
【答案】a well-off society
24.综合国力
【答案】 comprehensive national strength
25.三农
【答案】 agriculture, countryside and farmers
26.半导体
【答案】semiconductor
27.重症监护室
【答案】ICU(intensive care unit)
28.国企
【答案】state-ownedenterprise
29.网页
【答案】webpage
II. Passage Translation
Section A English to Chinese
Three passions, simple but overwhelmingly strong, have governed my life: the longing for love, the search for
knowledge, and unbearable pity for the suffering of mankind. These passions, like great winds, have blown me hither
and thither, in a wayw ard course over a deep ocean of anguish, reaching to the very verge of despair.
I have sought love, first, because it brings ecstasy-so great that I would often have sacrificed all the rest of my life
for a few hours for this joy. I have sought it, next, because it relieves loneliness-that terrible loneliness in which one
finally, because in the union of love I have seen, in a mystic miniature, the prefiguring vision of the heaven that saints
and poets have imagined. This is what I sought, and though it might seem too good for human life, this is what at last I
have found.
With equal passion I have sought knowledge. I have wished to understand the hearts of men. I have wished to know
why the stars shine…A little of this, but not much, I have achieved.
【参考译文】
三种简单却极其强烈的情感主宰着我的生活：对爱的渴望、对知识的追求、对人类痛苦的难以承受的怜之
心。这三种情感，像一阵阵飓风一样，任意地将我吹的飘来荡去，越过痛苦的海洋，抵达绝望的彼岸。
我寻找爱，首先，因为它令人心醉神迷，这种沉醉是如此美妙，以至于我愿意用余生来换取那几个小时的快
乐。我寻找爱，其次是因为它会减轻孤独，置身于那种可怕的孤独中，颤抖的灵魂在世界的边缘，看到冰冷的、
死寂的、无底深渊。我寻找爱，还因为在爱水乳交融时，在一个神秘的缩影中，我见到了先贤和诗人们所想象的、
预览的天堂。这就是我所追求的，尽管对于凡人来说，这好像是一种奢望。但这是我最终找到的。
我曾以同样的热情来追求知识。我希望能理解人类的心灵，希望能知道为什么星星会发光。我也曾经努力理
解毕达哥拉斯学派的理论，他们认为数字主载着方物的此消彼长。我了解了一点知识，但是不多。
Section B Chinese to English
中国自身的古白话是何时开始转化为欧化白话的？这要归结到近代来华的西方传教士，他们创作了最早的欧
化白话文。西方近代来华的传教士最初所用的汉语，大都是文言。中国的士大夫由于具有儒家信仰，对于基督教
的传教，往往持抵制态度。这就促使西方传教士必须更加注意发展文化水平较低、无法阅读文言的信徒，用白话
传教正是在这种状态下进入了他们的视野。
【参考译文】
When did Chinese own ancient vernacular turn into European-Chinese vernacular? It would come down to western
missionaries who came to China in recent years, because they created the first European-Chinese vernacular. At first,
they spoke Chinese in the form of classical languages. Chinese scholar-bureaucrats believed in Confucianism and always
resisted on Christianity, which made western missionaries pay more attention to develop low-educated and illiterate
people to become their followers. Therefore, European-Chinese vernacular came into their views on that condition.