MTI 备考 Wiki

英语翻译基础2015（357）【试题+答案】

2015年山东大学357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解

I. Directions: Translate the following words, abbreviations or terminology into their target language respectively (30)

  1. FOB

【答案】离岸价(freeonboard)

  1. GDP

【答案】国内生产总值(GrossDomesticProduct)

  1. UNICEF

【答案】联合国儿童基金会(United Nations International Children s EmergencyFund)

  1. YMCA

【答案】基督教青年会(YoungMen s Christian Association)

5.APEC

【答案】亚太经合组织(Asia-PacificEconomic Cooperation)

  1. Barcelona

【答案】巴塞罗那

  1. venture capital

【答案】风险投资

  1. Federal Reserves

【答案】美联储

  1. balance sheet

【答案】资产负债表

  1. State Councilor

【答案】国务委员

I.National Natural ScienceFoundation

【答案】国家自然科学基金委员会

  1. international trade regime

【答案】国际贸易体制

  1. State Archives Administration

【答案】国家档案局

  1. Patriotic Health Campaign

【答案】爱国卫生运动

  1. Papua New Guinea

【答案】巴布亚纽几内亚

16.自助餐厅

【答案】cafeteria

17.儿童福利

【答案】childwelfare

18.《红楼梦》

【答案】ADreaminRedMansions

19.比较心理学

【答案】comparative psychology

20.计划经济

【答案】plannedeconomy

21．总罢工

【答案】general strike

22．人寿保险

【答案】life insurance

23．学前教育

[答案】 preschool education; preprimary education

24.和谐社会

【答案】harmonious society

25.公益文化活动

【答案】 nonprofit cultural programs

26.形象工程

【答案】Image Project

27.流行音乐

【答案】popular music;popmusic

28.虚拟现实

【答案】VirtualReality

29.旅游农业

【答案】tourism agriculture

30.国务院（中国)

【答案】StateCouncil

II. Directions: Translate the following two source texts into their target language respectively If the source text is in

English, its target language is Chinese. If the source text is in Chinese, its target language is English 60

points for each text. (120)

Source Text 1

Man is the creature of interest and ambition. His nature leads him forth into the struggle and bustle of the world.

Love is but the embellishment of his early life, or a song piped in the intervals of the acts. He seeks for fame, for fortune,

for space in the world’s thought, and dominion over his fellow-men. But a woman’s whole life is a history of the

affections. The heart is her world; it is there her ambition strives for empire---it is there her avarice seeks for hidden

treasures. She sends forth her sympathies on adventure; she embarks her whole soul in the traffic of affection; and if

shipwrecked her case is hopeless---for it is a bankruptcy of the heart.

blasts some prospects of felicity; but he is an active being—he may dissipate his thoughts in the whirl of varied

he can shift his abode at will, and taking, as it were, the wings of the morning, can fly to the uttermost parts of the earth,

and be at rest.

【参考译文】

男人实为巧寻利益和抱负的动物，如此的天性令其勇闯尘世的争斗与繁忙之中。爱情仅为男人早期生命的点

缀品，抑或是奋斗旅程短暂停歇途中响起的歌曲。他追名逐利，试图在尘世的思想界占有一席之地，得以影响和

掌控着他的同胞。然而女人的一生是一部感情史。她的心就她的整个世界；在这里有着她构建自已王国的壮志，

有着她寻觅秘藏宝藏的欲望。她在感情冒险中表达着自己的怜恼，在感情的过往中寄托了整个的灵魂；一旦感情

沉沦，她便陷入绝望的境地一一因为她心已亡。

对男人而言，对爱的失望可能会带来丝丝苦楚，令细腻的感情受伤，让对幸福的些许憧憬支离破碎。然而他

却是一个积极向上的存在，在一阵忙乱之中他会忘却之前的凄苦念想；抑或纵身一跃，大肆狂欢；倘若失望的场

景裹挟了太多痛苦的回忆，他亦可凭其喜好搬离纷扰之地。甚至可搭乘清晨的羽翼，“飞抵地球最顶端，清净地

安养。”

Source Text2

人类迄今从事的所有科学研究都可以归纳进三个大门类：自然科学，社会科学，人文科学。这个分类是有其

合理性的，因为它们分别是针对不同的对象，不但从“共时”（synchronic）的角度去看是如此，从“历时”（diachronic）

的角度去看也是如此，这三个门类研究的其实是前后相承的三个“世界”：天地之始，宇宙初辟，一直到第一种

动物诞生之前，这个只有矿物和植物的相对静止的世界，就是自然世界；动物的出现带来了有自由活动的个体组

成的群体，有了群体就必然有关系需要协调，有信息需要交流，这时就出现了第二世界一一社会世界；动物进化

到人，出现了人类世界，其与第二世界的区别在于人类有语言和思想。所有的学科都可以归纳进三个大门类里，

当然学科间可能会有交叉，有的还可能兼属于三个门类，但不管怎样，它首先有个基本的归属，而这个基本归属

必然是所研究对象的本质之所在。

【参考译文】

All the scientific studies that human beings have done so far can be divided into three categories: natural science,

social science, and humanities. This classification is reasonable because it aims at different objects. Not only from the

synchronic perspective it’s just so, but also from the diachronic perspective to see is the same. These three categories of

research are actually three mutually connected “worlds”: From the beginning of heaven and earth and the universe, the

relatively still world with only minerals and plants isn’t the natural world until the first kind of animals comes to birth;

the emergence of animals has led to the formation of groups of individuals who can move freely, then there’s a need to

coordinate relationships and exchange information, so the second world—social world---appears at this time. Animals

evolved to human beings and the human world comes out, which is different from the second world in humans’

possessing languages and thoughts. All disciplines can be grouped into these three categories, of course, there may be

cross among disciplines or belong to all the three categories. However, the discipline should have a basic attribution, and

the basic attribution is the essence of the discipline.