翻译硕士英语2015（211）
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eiOM一五年招收攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题niyd
科目代码211 科目名称iadi翻译硕士英语mhnavedoumtsmnbas
I. Vocabulary and grammar (30 points)
Directions: . Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D.
It i We’llbe very careful and keep what you’ye told us strictly.
D.confidential LPG LSJIAt
2.uiBefore every board meeting, it, is customary, for the of the previous
meeting to be read out.
A. minutes B. precis le
- He was barred from the club for refusing to with the rules.
A. conform B. abidesobi sldon C,adhereg2 glo D. comply.
- Although the heavy rain stopped, it was at least an hour later that the flood began to
D. retreat botnsw []
- That ancient car of his is a joke among his friends.
A. steady B. standing C. settled D. stable
- They threw petrol onto the bonfire and the sudden lit up the whole garden.
A. glow B. twinkle C. spark
- The human voice often sounds on the telephonei 9onsbiug yigog’ []
A. twisted B. irregular C. distorted D. deformed
- I always feel he has a - - against me, although I don’t know what wrong I’ve
done him.
A. grudge B. grumble C.grunt D. groanst s sd ot [8]
- It’s harmful to one’ health to smoking and drinking.
A. take on B. take to C. take in D. take down d ot []
- Teachers like students to be and listen to what they are sayingius orT .es
A. absorbed B. attentive [a C. prudent D. watchful
- Those naughty boys were punished because they were caught flowers in
A. steal B. to steal C. stealing D. to have stolen
- Miss Smith returned home quite late that night only someone had broken
into her garage and stolen her car.
gniwsA. finding mrol rod B. to find nsrt grC. having found enD.to have found svitizog
13t Heoua wsivilivein the countrysidethan in thecityono2 yldedonq ors au to teoM
io noeA.would rathert adr B. had betteradt mlC.may as well brD: prefersdlg yd botaubaoo
14Jnsmtson bas as it was at such a time, his work attracted much attentionJci ai 13wsrvistni
wst yA. Being published B. Published noiisiC?Publishing rdtor D. To be published rsg ord)
- vlrA newspaperbem eesrf will sometimes be distributed free with newspaper. eri 2u to
suriv A. complementieils B! supplementons C. compliment D. implementA .fnoiei vols)
- foSheibnsterobn her personal trouble to her mother.219n9jei!
bms 2Ayconferredguort B.iconfided siyrsriC! confessed lusi D. confinedtai
- The novel is so popular that there is no one in our class seibni oolikestoreadit.ns
A. who B. that tCiasriqs’gstfg JarD.buto esbiitm orl
18.inwThe sailors on aiship are a 2wsivi9igi oiteilsmoi rci 29
A. crew B. team C. staff D. gang
19.riwIt is not correct to say a pack of xeiz? edl ou ber t!!
siteilsrA! cards 9onsfioqmi B. lies e109us2C.houndsis3/ D. cows
- A car broken down in the middle of the road is
oitailsrA! an obstacle ulox B. an obstruction C. a hindrance D. a difficulty eg Id
II. Reading comprehension (40 points)
Section 1 Multiple choice(20 points) (ri av/sivisini lte Sriol
Directions: In this2 section ithere zare ‘reading passages followed by multiple-choice
noitistts questionsi Read the passages and then mark your answers on your ANSWER
PassageAtai oiteilemoito vburte grlt ci diwong disensib s rgd oals esrd sort brs []
The importance and focus of the interview in the work of the print and broadcast
journalist is reflected in several books that have been written on the topic. Most of these
books, as well as several chapters, mainlyyin, ibut Onot limited to, journalism and
broadcasting handbooks and reporting texts, ‘stress the “how to” aspects of journalistic
interviewing rather than the conceptual aspects vof ithe interview, its context, and
implications. Much of the “how to” material is based on personal experiences and general
impressions. As we know, in journalism as in other fields, much can be learned from the
systematic study of professional practice. Such study brings together evidence from which
broad generalized principles can be developed.
There is, as has been suggested, a growing body of research literature in journalism and
broadcasting, but very little significant attention has been devoted to the study of the
interview itself. On the other hand, many general texts as well as numerous research articles
on interviewing in fields other than journalism have been written. Many of these books and
articles present the theoretical and empirical aspects of the interview as well as the training
of the interviewers. Unhappily, this plentiful general literature about interviewing pays little
attention to the journalistic interview. The fact that the general literature on interviewing
does not deal with the journalistic interview seems to be surprising for two reasons. First, it
seems likely that most people in modern Western societies are more familiar, at least in a
考试结束后请与答卷起交回
positive manner, with journalistic interviewing than with any other form of interviewing.
Most of us are probably somewhat familiar with the clinical interview, such as that
conducted by physicians and psychologists. In these situations the professional person or
interviewer is interested in getting information necessary for the diagnosis and treatment of
the person seeking help. Another familiar situation is the job interview. However, very few
of us have actually been interviewed personally by the mass media, particularly by
television. And yet, we have a vivid acquaintance with the journalistic interview by virtue
of our roles as readers, listeners, and viewers. Even so, true understanding of the
journalistic interview, especially television interviews, requires thoughtful analyses and
even study, as this book indicates.o wo ni sno on 2i
- The main idea of the first paragraph is that
[A] generalized principles for journalistic interviews are the chief concern for writers
on journalism
[B] importance should be attached to the systematic study ofjournalistic interviewing
[Cl concepts and contextual implications are of secondary importance to journalistic
interviewing
[D] personal experiences and general impressions should be excluded from journalistic
interviews
- Much research has been done on interviews in general 00)
oio[A] so the training of journalistic interviewers has likewise been strengthened oitagrid
y[B] though the study of the interviewing techniques hasn’t received much attention
[C] but journalistic interviewing as a specific field has unfortunately been neglected
[D] and there has also been a dramatic growth in the study of journalistic interviewing
- Westerners are familiar with the journalistic interview, zot hn: sons1oqmi sr
[A] but most of them wish to stay away from it alood lsrsvae ri baloofls1 ai tailsrioi
[B] and many of them hope to be interviewed some day lsT9v92 2s low 2e dood
[C] and many of them would like to acquire a true understanding of it nsd gaitzsobsond
[D] but most of them may not have been interviewed in person dy rorlisT ghtiwsivrietni
- Who is the interviewee in a clinical interview?
[A] The patient. nso fioun ebisi! orh [B] The physician. WOFEAE
[C] The journalist.r] aiid but [D] The psychologist.
- The passage is most likely a part of .
[A] a news article stif [B] a journalistic interview
[C]aresearchreport ob musd asri uo[D]apreface ntgia slni 1sv judi ghitaBo?
Engineering students are supposed to be examples of practicality and rationality, but
when it comes to my college education I am an idealist and a fool, In high school I wanted
to be an electrical engineer and, of course, any sensible student with my aims would have
chosen a college with a large engineering department, famous reputation and lots of good
labs and research equipment. But that’s not what I did.
I chose to study engineering at a small liberal-arts university that doesn’t even offer a
major in electrical engineering. Obviously, this was not a practical choice; I came here for
more noble reasons. I wanted a broad education that would provide me with flexibility and
a value system to guide me in my career. I wanted to open my eyes and expand my vision
by interacting with people who weren’t studying science or engineering. My parents,
teachers and other adults praised me for such a sensible choice. They told me I was wise
and mature beyond my 18 years, and I believed them.
I headed off to college sure I was going to have an advantage over those students who
went to big engineering “factories” where they didn’t care if you had values or were
flexible. I was going to be a complete engineer: technical genius and sensitive humanist all
in one. bon
Now I’m not so sure. Somewhere along the way my noble ideals crashed into reality, as
all noble ideals eventually do. After three years of struggling to balance math, physics and
engineering courses with liberal arts courses, I have learned there are reasons why few
engineering students try to reconcile engineering with liberal-arts courses in college.
The reality that has blocked my path to become the typical successful student is that
engineering and the liberal arts simply don’t mix as easily as I assumed in high school.
Individually they shape a person in very different ways; together they threaten to confuse.
The struggle to reconcile the two fields of study is difficult.
- The author chose to study engineering at a small liberal-arts university because he
[A] intended to be a sensible student with noble ideals
[B] wanted to be an example of practicality and rationality
[C] intended to be a combination of engineer and humanist
[D] wanted to coordinate engineering with liberal-arts courses in college
- According to the author, by interacting with people who study liberal arts, engineering
students can
[A] broaden their horizons
[B] become noble idealists
[C] receive guidance in their careers
[D] balance engineering and the liberal arts
- In the eyes of the author, a successful engineering student is expected
[A] to be imaginative with a value system to guide him
[B] to be a technical genius with a wide vision
[C] to have an excellent academic record
[D] to be wise and mature
- The author’s experience shows that he was
[A] creative [B] irrational
[C] ambitious [D] unrealistic
[A] practicality and rationality [B] engineering and the liberal arts
[C] reality and noble ideals [D] flexibility and a value system
Section 2Answering questions (20 points)
Directions: Read the following passages and then answer IN COMPLETE SENTENCES
the questions which follow each passage. Use only information from the
passage you have just read and write your answer in the corresponding space
in your ANSWER SHEET.
Questions 31-32
Half a century ago a radio astronomer called Frank Drake thought of a way to
calculate the likelihood of establishing contact with aliens. He suggested the following
figures should be multiplied: how many stars are formed in the galaxy in a year; what
fraction of these have planets and thus form solar systems; the average number of planets
per solar system that have the potential to support life; on what percentage of those where it
is possible do such biospheres actually form; what percentage of such biospheres give rise
to intelligent species; what percentage of intelligent life is able to transmit signals into
space; and for how long could such intelligence keeps sending signals.
This calculation became celebrated as the Drake equation - perhaps the best attempt
so far to tame a wild guess. Most of the terms remain hard to tie down, although there is a
consensus that about ten stars are formed per year in the galaxy. Also, recent searches for
extrasolar planets have concluded that planets are not rare.
At the AAAS, Dr Drake reflected on his search for alien signals. One reason this is
hard is that radio telescopes must chop the spectrum into fine portions to study it, like
tuning into a signal on a car radio. Another is the trade off between a telescope’s field of
view and its magnification. Small telescopes see a lot of sky but can detect only strong
signals. Large ones, which can detect weak signals, have a narrow focus. Astronomers
therefore have difficulty looking both carefully and comprehensively.
Dr Drake said there may be another difficulty. Researchers tend to look for signals
similar to those now made by humanity. The Earth, though, is getting quieter because the
rise of spread-spectrum communication makes stray emissions less likely than in the past.
Spread-spectrum works by smearing a message across a wide range of frequencies.
That has the advantages of combating noise and allowing many signals to be sent at once.
But it also makes those signals hard for eavesdroppers to hear (which is why
spread-spectrum is beloved by military men). If technologically sophisticated aliens came
to the same conclusions, and thus used spread-spectrum technology, humans would have a
hard time hearing them. Dr Drake suggests, therefore, that there might be only a narrow
window of time in the development of civilizations, analogous to the past 50 years on
Earth, during which noisy electromagnetic signals are generated in large amounts.
It is, however, also possible that someone is actively trying to send signals to the Earth.
If that were the case, the best way to do this, reckons Paul Horowitz, a physicist at Harvard,
is with a laser.
Although radio power has changed little over the decades, the power of lasers has
grown exponentially. Today’s most powerful versions can shine ten thousand times brighter
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than the sun, though only for a billionth of a second. If aliens have made similar progress,
and point a laser towards the Earth’s solar system, such brief flashes would be detectable at
a distance of many light-years. Dr Horowitz has already set up one suitable detector and
this, because no huge magnification is involved, is capable of looking at broad swathes of
sky.bovof elood lmhiny
gr There is also potential for improvement on the radio side. For many years, the Arecibo
telescope in Puerto Rico, which is 300 metres across, has led the search for alien life. Now
the Chinese are building a 500-metre telescope, known as FAST, in Guizhou province, and
an international collaboration called the Square Kilometer Array is trying, as its name
suggests, to build a grid of radio-telescopes over a square kilometer of land in either South
Africa or Australia. Both may be helpful. As indeed may a large new telescope in northern
California built by Paul Allen, a co-founder of Microsoft. 1s
sl Many of the terms in the Drake equation are likely to remain elusive, so it is still
impossible to predict how likely such efforts are to succeed. But even after 50 fruitless
years — if the eagerness in the eyes of Dr Drake and his colleagues is any guide - it still is
fun looking.
-
What is Drake equation?
-
What difficulties are there in scientists’ search for alien lives through radio waves?
Questions 33-35
In most of the earliest books for children, illustrations were an afterthought. But in
the Caldecott “toy books” (named after the British illustrator Randolph Caldecott), which
first appeared in 1878, they were almost as important as the lines of text, and occupied far
more space in the book. One can almost read the story from the dramatic action in the
pictures.
Since then, thousands of successful picture books have been published in the United
States and around the world. In the best, the words and illustrations seem to complement
each other perfectly. Often a single person is responsible for both writing and illustrating
the book. One of the greatest, and certainly one of the most successful, illustrator-authors
was Dr. Seuss, whose real name was Theodore Ceisel. His first children’s book, And to
Think That I saw It on Mulberry Street, hit the market in 1937, and the world of children’s
literature was changed forever. Seuss’s playful drawing were a perfect complement to his
engaging stories and unforgettable characters. In 1957, Seuss’s The Cat in the Hat became
the first book in Random House’s best-selling series, Beginner Books, written by Seuss and
several other authors. These combine outrageous illustrations of people, creatures, and
plants, and playful stories written in very simple language. (The Cat in the Hat, for
example, uses only 250 words, which is an estimate of the number of words that a
six-year-old can read.)
Dr. Seuss is not the only well-known author-illustrator, of course. There is Max
Sendak, who wrote and illustrated Where the Wild Things Are, the story of a little boy
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named Max who became king of the fierce (but funny) creatures that live in the Land of the
Wild Things. Robert McClosky produced both the richly textured illustrations and the
delightful story of a family of ducks living in downtown Boston, Make Way for Ducklings.
Some books are produced by a collaborative author-artist team. Author Margaret Wise
Brown combined with illustrator Clement Hurd to produce two delightful books loved by
very young children, Goodnight Moon and The Runaway Bunny. Another example is the
husband-and-wife team of writer Audrey Wood and illustrator Don Wood, who were
responsible for King Bidgood’s in the Bathtub and The Napping House.bliud oms
Wordless and nearly wordless picture book have also become popular. With a
little help, three-and four-year-olds can follow the sequence of events, and they can
understand the stories suggested in them. The marvel of books with few or no words is that
they allow children and their parents the opportunity to tell and retell the same stories over
and over in their own words. One of the most charming examples of a wordless book is Jan
Omerod’s Sunshine. Barbara Berger’s Grandfather Twilight and David Weisner’s Tuesday
are examples of books containing only a few words.
U.S. publishers have also drawn on illustrations from other countries whose original,
imaginative works have brought their different visions to American children’s books.
Yashimi from Japan.lguoriy esvil nsits nol doliur Psiiloinibrrf
33.What is the function of illustration in children’s books?
-
What is the strength of children’s picture books with fewer words?
-
Summarize in your own words some representative author-illustrators and their
masterpieces.bns Jxof to 2gail ort 2s nsoqri asteorrle ssw vorli8r81mi bgesqqei
III.Writing (30 points)odt tnoit yrote ody bsgr 12omle
Some people think that public museums and art galleries are not needed because
people could see historical objects and works by using computers. Do you agree or
disagree? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
Write a composition of about 400 words on your view of the topic.
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