翻译硕士英语2015（211）【试题+答案】

2015年山东大学外国语学院211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解

I. Vocabulary and grammar (30 points)

Directions: Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose the answer that best

completes the sentence. Mark your answers on your ANSWER SHEET.

1. We’ll be very careful and keep what you’ve told us strictly -

A. private

B. rigorous

C. mysterious

D. confidential

【答案】D

【解析】句意：我们会很小心，把你告诉我们的话严格保密。confidential保密的。private私人的，私有的。rigorous

严格的，严厉的。mysterious 神秘的。

2. Before every board meeting, it is customary for the _ of the previous meeting to be read out.

A. minutes

B. précis

C. notes

D. protocol

【答案】A

【解析】句意：每次董事会召开之前，通常都要宣读上次的会议记录。minutes会议记录。précis摘要。notes笔

记。protocol法案，议案。

3. He was barred from the club for refusing to with the rules.

A. conform

B. abide

C. adhere

D. comply

【答案】D

【解析】句意：他因拒绝遵守规则被赶出了俱乐部。考察动词词组固定搭配，四个词均表示“遵守”之意，但

与之搭配的介词不同。conformto遵守。abideby遵守。adhere to遵守。complywith遵守。

4. Although the heavy rain stopped, it was at least an hour later that the flood began to .

A. retire

B. recede

C. rec line

D. retreat

【答案】B

【解析】句意：尽管大雨停了，但至少还要一小时后洪水才开始消退。recede（洪水）退下。retire退休。recline

向后靠，斜倚。retreat撤退。

5. That ancient car of his is a joke among his friends.

A. steady

B. standing

C. settled

D. stable

【答案】B

【解析】句意：那辆老汽车是他朋友间的一个老笑话。a standing joke，习惯用法，意思为“老笑话”。

6. They threw petrol onto the bonfire and the sudden lit up the whole garden.

A. glow

B. twinkle

C. spark

D. flare

【答案】B

【解析】句意：他们把汽油浇到篝火上，出的火焰照亮了整个花园。flare火焰。glow灼热，发光。twinkle(星

星、眼睛等)闪耀，闪烁。spark火星，火花。

7. The human voice often sounds -. on the telephone.

A. twisted

B. irregular

C. distorted

D. deformed

【答案】C

【解析】句意：电话里人们的声音听起来经常会有些失真。distorted变形的，失真的。twisted扭曲的。irregular

不规则的。deformed畸形的。

8. I always feel he has a _ against me, although I don’t know what wrong I’ve done him.

A. grudge

B. grumble

C. grunt

D. groan

【答案】A

妒忌”，侧重行动。grumble表示“怨言”，侧重指言语。grunt咕，呼噜声。groan呻吟，叹息，岐嘎声。

9. It’s harmful to one’s health to _ smoking and drinking.

A. take on

B. take to

C. take in

D. take down

【答案】B

【解析】句意：吸烟喝酒有害身体健康。动词词组辨析。taketo喜欢；走向；开始从事。takeon承担；呈现。

takein领会；欺骗；吸收。takedown记下；拿下。

10. Teachers like students to be _ and listen to what they are saying.

A. absorbed

B. attentive

C. prudent

D. watchful

【答案】B

【解析】句意：老师们喜欢学生更加专注一些，并能听取他们所讲的内容。attentive留意的，注意的。强调注

意力的集中，故符合题意，所以选B项。absorbed被吸收的；被吸引的。prudent谨慎的；精明的；节俭的。

Watchful注意的；警惕的；警醒的。

1l. Those naughty boys were punished because they were caught flowers in the garden.

A. steal

B. to steal

C. stealing

D. to have stolen

【答案】C

【解析】句意：那些调皮的男孩受到了惩罚，因为他们被撞见在花园里偷花。sb.becaughtdoingsth.表示碰上、

撞见、发现某人做某事。其主动结构为catchsb.doing sth。

12. Miss Smith returned home quite late that night only . _ someone had broken into her garage and stolen her car.

A. finding

B. to find

C. having found

D. to have found

【答案】B

【解析】句意：史密斯小姐那天晚上很晚才到家，回家后竟然发现有人闯入车库偷走了她的车。考察语法。Only

与todo不定式结构连用，表示一种令人出乎意料的结果。据此排除A项，C项。因为find这个动作发生在

return之后，无需使用完成时态，所以排除D项，故B项最符合题意。

13. He - live in the countryside than in the city.

A. would rather

B. had better

C. may as well

D. prefers

【答案】A

【解析】句意：他宁愿住在乡下，不愿住在城里。Wouldratherdosth.thandosth.为固定搭配，表示宁愿做某事

不愿做某事。

14. • -. as it was at such a time, his work attracted much attention.

A. Being published

B. Published

C. Publishing

D. To be published

【答案】B

【解析】句意：尽管他的作品在这样一个时间出版，但仍然受到了很大关注。考察语法。public与其逻辑主语

hisWork之间是被动关系，故排除C选项。根据句意，他的作品已被出版，不是正在出版或将要出版，故排

除A项，D项。所以选B项。

15. A newspaper . will sometimes be distributed free with newspaper.

A. complement

B. supplement

C. compliment

D. implement

【答案】B

【解析】句意：报纸副刊有时会随报纸免费发放。词义辨析题。supplement补充物；增刊，副刊。complement

补语；余角；补足物。compliment恭维，称赞。implement工具，器具；手段。

16. She . her personal trouble to her mother.

A, conferred

B. confided

C. confessed

D. confined

【答案】B

【解析】句意：她向妈妈吐露自已的个人问题。confide吐露；委托。confer授予，给予。confess忏悔；供认。

confine限制；禁闭。

17. The novel is so popular that there is no one in our class likes to read it.

A. who

B. that

C. as

D. but

【答案】D

【解析】句意：这本小说非常受欢迎，班上没有人不喜欢看。but表示“除了，除外”，符合句意。who，

that，as用在句中均引导定语从句，表示“班上没人喜欢读”，显然与前半句“这本小说很受欢迎”矛盾，故

排除A项、B项和C项。

18. The sailors on a ship are a

A. crew

B. team

C. staff

D. gang

【答案】A

【解析】句意：船上的水手们被称之为船员。crew全体船员。team队；组。staff职员。gang表示“一伙；一

组”，指以某种方式结合的一群人，如犯人、奴隶等的一群或者罪犯、流氓、匪徒等的一帮。

19. It is not correct to say a pack of .

A. cards

B. lies

C. hounds

D. cows

【答案】B

【解析】句意：谎话连篇是不对的。apackof lies为固定搭配，意思为“谎话连篇，一派胡言”。

20. A car broken down in the middle of the road is

A. an obstacle

B. an obstruction

C. a hindrance

D. a difficulty

【答案】C

【解析】句意：在马路中间抛锚的汽车是一大障碍。近义词辨析。hindrance表示“妨碍；妨害；阻碍物”，强

调会妨碍影响其他事情，此题汽车若在马路中间，必然会对交通造成影响，所以符合题意。obstacle表示“障

碍，干扰；妨害物”，强调难以跨越。obstruction 表示“障碍；障碍物”，仅强调堵塞这一现象。difficulty困

难。

II. Reading comprehension (40 points)

Section 1Multiple choice (20 points)

Directions: In this section there are reading passages followed by multiple-choice questions. Read the passages and then

mark your answers on your ANSWER SHEET.

Passage A

The importance and focus of the interview in the work of the print and broadcast journalist is reflected in several

books that have been written on the topic. Most of these books, as well as several chapters, mainly in, but not limited to,

journalism and broadcasting handbooks and reporting texts, stress the “how to” aspects of journalistic interviewing rather

than the conceptual aspects of the interview, its context, and implications. Much of the “how to”’ material is based on

the systematic study of professional practice, such study brings together evidence from which broad generalized

principles can be developed.

There is, as has been suggested, a growing body of research literature in journalism and broadcasting, but very little

significant attention has been devoted to the study of the interview itself. On the other hand, many general texts as well

as numerous research articles on interviewing in fields other than journalism have been written. Many of these books and

articles present the theoretical and empirical aspects of the interview as well as the training of the interviewers.

that the general literature on interviewing does not deal with the journalistic interview seems to be surprising for two

reasons. First, it seems likely that most people in modem Western societies are more familiar, at least in a positive

manner, with journalistic interviewing than with any other form of interviewing. Most of us are probably somewhat

familiar with the clinical interview, such as that conducted by physicians and psychologists. In these situations the

professional person or interviewer is interested in getting information necessary for the diagnosis and treatment of the

person seeking help. Another familiar situation is the job interview. However, very few of us have actually been

interviewed personally by the mass media, particularly by television. And yet, we have a vivid acquaintance with the

journalistic interview by virtue of our roles as readers, listeners, and viewers. Even so, true understanding of the

journalistic interview, especially television interviews, requires thoughtful analyses and even study, as this book

indic ates.

21. The main idea of the first paragraph is that

A. generalized principles for journalistic interviews are the chief concern for writers on journalism

B. importance should be attached to the systematic study of journalistic interviewing

C. concepts and contextual implications are of secondary importance to journalistic interviewing

D. personal experiences and general impressions should be excluded from journalistic interviews

22. Much research has been done on interviews in general .

A. so the training of journalistic interviewers has likewise been strengthened

B. though the study of the interviewing techniques hasn’t received much attention

C. but journalistic interviewing as a specific field has unfortunately been neglected

D. and there has also been a dramatic growth in the study of journalistic interviewing

23. Westerners are familiar with the journalistic interview, -

A. but most of them wish to stay away from it

B. and many of them hope to be interviewed some day

C. and many of them would like to acquire a true understanding of it

D. but most of them may not have been interviewed in person

24. Who is the interviewee in a clinical interview?

A. The patient.

B. The physician.

C. The journalist.

D. The psychologist.

25. The passage is most likely a part of

A. a news article

B. a journalistic interview

C. a research report

D. a preface

【答案与解析】

21. B 第一段倒数第二句 As we know, in journalism as in other fields, much can be learned from the systematic study

of professional practice也就是说新闻学像其他领域一样，对它的系统研究能使我们学到很多东西。本段

第二句也说到现在很多新闻学文献或书籍强调的是怎么做新闻采访，而不是帮我们了解采访的概念、情

境和意义。第三句说到这些指导怎么做新闻采访的书籍也都是基于个人经验和印象。所以可以看出，作

者认为应该重视对新闻采访这一领域的系统研究。故答案为B。

22. C 由第二段第四句 Unhappily, this plentiful general literature about interviewing pays little attention to the

journalistic interview.可知，有很多关于采访的一般性文献，但是很遗憾的是，这些文献几乎都没有讲到

新闻采访，说明新闻采访这个领域被忽视了。故答案为C。

23. D 文章第二段倒数第三句说，“然而，我们之中很少有人真正地受到过媒体的采访，尤其是电视采访。”由

此可见，西方人虽然对新闻采访很熟悉，但是大多数人都未被采访过。故答案为D。

24. A 第二段第六句 Most of us are probably somewhat familiar with the clinical interview, such as that conducted by

physicians and psychologists.也就是说clinical interview是由医生physician和心理医生psychologist实施的，

所以指的是诊断面谈，即面诊。所以被面谈者当然是病人。故答案为A。

25. D 文末 true understanding of the journalistic interview, especially television interviews, requires thoughtful

analyses andeven study，as this book indicates，意思是说要想真正认识新闻采访，需要分析和研究，正如这

本书里所讲。可以推断本文是某书籍的序言。故答案为D。

Passage B

Engineering students are supposed to be examples of practicality and rationality, but when it comes to my college

education I am an idealist and a fool. In high school I wanted to be an electrical engineer and, of course, any sensible

student with my aims would have chosen a college with a large engineering department, famous reputation and lots of

good labs and research equipment. But that’s not what I did.

I chose to study engineering at a small liberal-arts university that doesn’t even offer a major in electrical

engineering. Obviously, this was not a practical choice; I came here for more noble reasons. I wanted a broad education

expand my vision by interacting with people who weren’t studying science or engineering. My parents, teachers and

other adults praised me for such a sensible choice. They told me I was wise and mature beyond my 18 years, and I

believed them.

I headed off to college sure I was going to have an advantage over those students who went to big engineering

“factories” where they didn’t care if you had values or were flexible. I was going to be a complete engineer: technical

genius and sensitive humanist all in one.

Now I’m not so sure. Somewhere along the way my noble ideals crashed into reality, as all noble ideals eventually

do. After three years of struggling to balance math, physics and engineering courses with liberal arts courses, I have

learned there are reasons why few engineering students try to reconcile engineering with liberal-arts courses in college.

The reality that has blocked my path to become the typical successful student is that engineering and the liberal arts

simply don’t mix as easily as I assumed in high school. Individually they shape a person in very different ways; together

they threaten to confuse. The struggle to reconcile the two fields of study is difficult.

26. The author chose to study engineering at a small liberal-arts university because he .

A. intended to be a sensible student with noble ideals

B. wanted to be an example of practicality and rationality

C. intended to be a combination of engineer and humanist

D. wanted to coordinate engineering with liberal-arts courses in college

27. According to the author, by interacting with people who study liberal arts, engineering students can

A. broaden their horizons

B. become noble idealists

C. receive guidance in their careers

D. balance engineering and the liberal arts

28. In the eyes of the author, a successful engineering student is expected

A. to be imaginative with a value system to guide him

B. to be a technical genius with a wide vision

C. to have an excellent academic record

D. to be wise and mature

29. The author’s experience shows that he was

A. creative

B. irrational

C. ambitious

D. unrealistic

30. The underlined word “they” in “.together they threaten to confuse.” (Para. 5) refers to.

A. practicality and rationality

B. engineering and the liberal arts

C. reality and noble ideals

D. flexibility and a value system

【答案与解析】

26. C 第三段最后一句I was going to be a complete engineer: technical genius and sensitive humanist all in one. 说明

作者既想成为一个技术人才又想成为人文主义者，合二为一。故答案为C。

27.A 文章第二段 “I wanted to open my eyes and expand my vision by interacting with people who weren’ t studying

science or engineering.”中expand myvision 与选项A的broaden their horizons属于同义替代。故答案为

A。

28. B 第三段最后一句I was going to be a complete engineer: technical genius and sensitive humanist allin one. 第一

段中也说到作者想和文科学生交流，开阔眼界。故答案为B。

29. D

unrealistic.故答案为D。

30. B they是代词，一定是指代前面句子中提到的对象，定位到最后一段第一句engineering and the liberal arts

simply don’t mix as easily as I assumed in high school．说明工程学和人文学科是不相融的。本句中together

they threaten融合到一起就会形成威胁，与前文意思相对应。故答案为B。

Section 2 Answering questions (20 points)

Directions: Read the following passages and then answer IN COMPLETE SENTENCES the questions which follow each

your ANSWER SHEET.

Questions 31-32

Half a century ago a radio astronomer called Frank Drake thought of a way to calculate the likelihood of

establishing contact with aliens. He suggested the following figures should be multiplied: how many stars are formed in

the galaxy in a year; what fraction of these have planets and thus form solar systems; the average number of planets per

solar system that have the potential to support life; on what percentage of those where it is possible do such biospheres

actually form; what percentage of such biospheres give rise to intelligent species; what percentage of intelligent life is

able to transmit signals into space; and for how long could such intelligence keeps sending signals.

This calculation became celebrated as the Drake equation-perhaps the best attempt so far to tame a wild guess.

Most of the terms remain hard to tie down, although there is a consensus that about ten stars are formed per year in the

galaxy. Also, recent searches for extrasolar planets have concluded that planets are not rare.

At the AAAS, Dr Drake reflected on his search for alien signals. One reason this is hard is that radio telescopes

must chop the spectrum into fine portions to study it, like tuning into a signal on a car radio. Another is the trade off

between a telescope’s field of view and its magnification. Small telescopes see a lot of sky but can detect only strong

signals. Large ones, which can detect weak signals, have a narrow focus. Astronomers therefore have difficulty looking

both carefully and comprehensively.

Dr Drake said there may be another difficulty. Researchers tend to look for signals similar to those now made by

humanity. The Earth, though, is getting quieter because the rise of spread-spectrum communication makes stray

emissions less likely than in the past.

Spread-spectrum works by smearing a message across a wide range of frequencies. That has the advantages of

combating noise and allowing many signals to be sent at once. But it also makes those signals hard for eavesdroppers to

hear (which is why spread-spectrum is beloved by military men). If technologically sophisticated aliens came to the same

conclusions, and thus used spread-spectrum technology, humans would have a hard time hearing them. Dr Drake

the past 50 years on Earth, during which noisy electromagnetic signals are generated in large amounts.

It is, however, also possible that someone is actively trying to send signals to the Earth. If that were the case, the

best way to do this, reckons Paul Horowitz, a physicist at Harvard, is with a laser.

Although radio power has changed little over the decades, the power of lasers has grown exponentialy. Today’s

most powerful versions can shine ten thousand times brighter than the sun, though only for a billionth of a second. If

aliens have made similar progress, and point a laser towards the Earth’s solar system, such brief flashes would be

detectable at a distance of many tight-years. Dr Horowitz has already set up one suitable detector and this, because no

huge magnification is involved, is capable of looking at broad swathes of sky.

There is also potential for improvement on the radio side. For many years, the Arecibo telescope in Puerto Rico,

which is 300 metres across, has led the search for alien life. Now the Chinese are building a 500-metre telescope, known

as FAST, in Guizhou province, and an international collaboration called the Square Kilometer Array is trying, as its name

suggests, to build a grid of radio-telescopes over a square kilometer of land in either South Africa or Australia. Both may

be helpful. As indeed may a large new telescope in northern California built by Paul Allen, a co-founder of Microsoft.

Many of the terms in the Drake equation are likely to remain elusive, so it is still impossible to predict how likely

such efforts are to succeed. But even after 50 fruitless years—if the eagerness in the eyes of Dr Drake and his colleagues

is any guide-it still is fun looking.

31. What is Drake equation?

32. What difficulties are there in scientists’ search for alien lives through radio waves?

【答案与解析】

31. Drake equation refers to a way proposed by Frank Drake to calculate the likelihood of establishing contact with

aliens. Drake equation needs to multiply the following figures: how many stars are formed in the galaxy in a year;

what fraction of these have planets and thus form solar systems; the average number of planets per solar system that

have the potential to support life; on what percentage of those where it is possible do such biospheres actually form;

what percentage of such biospheres give rise to intelligent species; what percentage of intelligent life is able to

transmit signals into space; and for how long could such intelligence keeps sending signals.

（Drake equation的定义主要集中在第一段。）

32. The difficulties for scientists to search for alien lives through radio waves are as follows. Firstly, radio telescopes

between a telescope’s field of view and its magnification needs to be achieved. Thirdly, the rise of spread-spectrum

communication makes those signals hard to hear.

（第三段介绍了使用无线电波探测外星生物面临其中两个困难。第四段介绍了第三个困难，并且在第五段对

此困难进行了详细说明。）

Questions 33-35

In most of the earliest books for children, illustrations were an afterthought. But in the Caldecott “toy books”

(named after the British illustrator Randolph Caldecott), which first appeared in 1878, they were almost as important as

the lines of text, and occupied far more space in the book. One can almost read the story from the dramatic action in the

pictures.

Since then, thousands of successful picture books have been published in the United States and around the world. In

the best, the words and illustrations seem to complement each other perfectly. Often a single person is responsible for

both writing and illustrating the book. One of the greatest, and certainly one of the most successful, illustrator-authors

was Dr. Seuss, whose real name was Theodore Ceisel. His first children’s book, And to Think That I saw It on Mulberry

Street, hit the market in 1937, and the world of children’s literature was changed forever. Seuss’s playful drawing were a

perfect complement to his engaging stories and unforgettable characters, in 1957, Seuss’s The Cat in the Hat became the

first book in Random House’s best-selling series, Beginner Books, written by Seuss and several other authors. These

(The Cat in the Hat, for example, uses only 250 words, which is an estimate of the number of words that a six-year-old

can read.)

Dr. Seuss is not the only well-known author-illustrator, of course. There is Max Sendak, who wrote and illustrated

Where the Wild Things Are, the story of a little boy named Max who became king of the fierce (but funny) creatures that

live in the Land of the Wild Things. Robert McClosky produced both the richly textured illustrations and the delightful

story of a family of ducks living in downtown Boston, Make Way for Ducklings. Some books are produced by a

collaborative author-artist team. Author Margaret Wise Brown combined with illustrator Clement Hurd to produce two

delightful books loved by very young children, Goodnight Moon and The Runaway Bunny. Another example is the

husband-and-wife team of writer Audrey Wood and illustrator Don Wood, who were responsible for King Bidgood’s in

the Bathtub and The Napping House.

Wordless and nearly wordless picture book have also become popular. With a little help, three-and four-year-olds

can follow the sequence of events, and they can understand the stories suggested in them. The marvel of books with few

or no words is that they allow children and their parents the opportunity to tell and retell the same stories over and over

Grandfather Twilight and David Weisner’s Tuesday are examples of books containing only a few words.

U.S. publishers have also drawn on illustrations from other countries whose original, imaginative works have

brought their different visions to American children’s books. Among them are Leo Lionni from Italy, Feodor

Rojankovsky from Russia, and Taro Yashimi from Japan.

33. What is the function of illustration in children’s books?

34. What is the strength of children’s picture books with fewer words?

35. Summarize in your own words some representative author-illustrators and their masterpieces.

【答案与解析】

33. In the best, the words and illustrations seem to complement each other perfectly. Through simply language and

illustrations, children can easily follow the book.

(根据第二段可知，插图的作用就是和文字相辅相成。孩子们通过插图和简单的语言文字就能读懂书。）

34. For children’s picture books, with a little help, three-and four-year-olds can follow the sequence of events, and they

can understand the stories suggested in them. The marvel of books with few or no words is that they allow children

and their parents the opportunity to tell and retell the same stories over and over in their own words.

（根据倒数第二段可知，这种文字较少的图画书孩子们易于理解，更重要的是，孩子们能够使用自已的语言来

复述故事。）

35. An author-illustrator means a single person responsible for both writing and illustrating the book. In this passage, 3

representative author-illustrators are introduced. The first is Dr. Seuss. His first children’s book And to Think That I

saw It on Mulberry Street hit the market in 1937. In 1957, his The Cat in the Hat became the first book in Random

House’s best-selling series, Beginner Books. The second is Max Sendak, who wrote and illustrated Where the Wild

author-artist teams, for example, Author Margaret Wise Brown combined with illustrator Clement Hurd to produce

Goodnight Moon and The Runaway Bunny, the husband-and-wife team of writer Audrey Wood and illustrator Don

Wood, who were responsible for King Bidgood’s in the Bathtub and The Napping House.

(第二段和第三段介绍了几位有代表性的作家-插图画家及他们的相关作品。）

III. Writing (30 points)

Some people think that public museums and art galleries are not needed because people could see historical objects

and works by using computers. Do you agree or disagree? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.

Write a composition of about 400 words on your view of the topic.

【参考范文】

Museums and Art Galleries Cannot be Replaced by Computers

Since people can now search the Internet to see pictures and related descriptions about some historical objects and

works, some people point out that public museums and art galleries can be replaced then. As far as I am concerned, I

don’t agree with them because public museums and art galleries have some irreplaceable functions and were of great

importance to our life.

Firstly, what we see in computers is virtual and limited. For those who cannot go to the museums or art galleries, the

computer does give some information about the historical objects and works. However, this information is limited

because the content of the information, the angle from which the pictures are taken are totally decided by the author or

editor. Without going to the museums or art galleries, you can never really know the whole picture, or even in some cases,

you can never make sure whether the pictures in the computer are right.

Secondly, museums and art galleries are not just for seeing objects, and they have other more important functions.

In museums and art galleries, historical objects and works can be protected and maintained in a proper way. Also, these

historical objects and works are of great scientific value which cannot be discovered simply by reading and seeing some

information through the computers. As a kind of public services, museums and art galleries can also educate the public

galleries or listen to some guides who would tell you some interesting stories face to face.

Thirdly, your own experiences and feelings when visiting the museums and art galleries are unique, and are totally

different from the experiences of sitting before a computer and seeing some pictures or descriptive words. Immersed in

so many great works in real life in the museums or art galleries, you can easily inspired by the greatness of human

creations. You can communicate with your companions or even have a discussion about what you are seeing. You are

free to think over an object or compare it with a similar one through your own thinking or your own words. From this

point of view, museums and art galleries for you are no longer places, but a piece of memory in your life.

All in all, public museums and art galleries have their own irreplaceable position in life and society. They cannot be

replaced by computers.