Unit 01 背诵清单|中国时政文献的内涵与特色
本单元是教材”中国时政文献翻译概述”部分的第一单元(学生用书 PDF 第 23–34 页)。教材本单元无”重点段落分析与翻译”板块,教师用书亦未覆盖第一、二单元;第三层”重点段落”由执行者从学生用书课文圈选连续语段补入,已逐段标注说明。
一、核心术语
本单元以”中国时政文献的语言特色”为主线,其中词汇层”多义词”(一词多义、一词多”译”)的官方译法是最具背诵价值的部分,故本层按词根分组收录。
1. 多义词「精神」
| 序号 | 中文核心概念 / 术语 | 官方标准译文 |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 为人民提供精神指引 | to provide a source of cultural and moral guidance for our people |
| 2 | 弘扬民族精神和时代精神 | to foster a Chinese ethos and a readiness to respond to the call of our times |
2. 多义词「科学」
| 序号 | 中文核心概念 / 术语 | 官方标准译文 |
|---|---|---|
| 3 | 形成科学合理的管理体制 | to develop a sound system of administration |
| 4 | 建立全面规范透明、标准科学、约束有力的预算制度 | to put in place a comprehensive, procedure-based, transparent budget system that uses well-conceived standards and imposes effective constraints |
| 5 | 科学配置党政部门及内设机构权力、明确职责 | to ensure that powers are designated properly and functions and duties are defined clearly both for the institutions themselves and their internal bodies |
3. 多义词「文明」
| 序号 | 中文核心概念 / 术语 | 官方标准译文 |
|---|---|---|
| 6 | 生态文明建设成效显著 | We have made notable progress in building an eco-civilization |
| 7 | 群众性精神文明创建活动扎实开展 | Initiatives to improve public etiquette and ethical standards have proved successful |
| 8 | 为把我国建设成为富强民主文明和谐美丽的社会主义现代化强国而奋斗 | to strive to build China into a great modern socialist country that is prosperous, strong, democratic, culturally advanced, harmonious, and beautiful |
| 9 | 推动社会主义精神文明和物质文明协调发展 | to promote socialist material wellbeing and raise socialist cultural-ethical standards |
| 10 | 倡导健康文明生活方式,预防控制重大疾病 | to promote healthy and positive lifestyles, and prevent and control major diseases |
| 11 | 通过多种渠道,教育和引导贫困群众改变陈规陋习、树立文明新风 | to guide the poor in abandoning outdated customs and cultivating healthy practices through different channels |
二、典范例句
例句 1
【汉语原文】 满足人民过上美好生活的新期待,必须提供丰富的精神食粮。
【参考译文】 To meet the people’s new aspirations for a better life, we must provide them with rich intellectual nourishment.
例句 2
【汉语原文】 激发和保护企业家精神,鼓励更多社会主体投身创新创业。
【参考译文】 We will inspire and protect entrepreneurship, and encourage more entities to engage in innovation and businesses.
例句 3
【汉语原文】 社会文明水平尚需提高。
【参考译文】 Civic awareness needs further improvement.
例句 4
【汉语原文】 社会文明程度达到新的高度。
【参考译文】 Social etiquette and civility are significantly enhanced.
例句 5
【汉语原文】 我国物质文明、政治文明、精神文明、社会文明、生态文明将全面提升。
【参考译文】 New heights are reached in every dimension of material, political, cultural and ethical, social, and eco-environmental progress.
例句 6
【汉语原文】 建设法治政府,推进依法行政,严格规范公正文明执法。
【参考译文】 We will govern by rule of law, promote law-based government administration, and see that law is enforced in a strict, procedure-based, impartial, and non-abusive way.
例句 7
【汉语原文】 发展必须是科学发展。
【参考译文】 Our development must be sound development.
三、重点段落
段落一|中国特色社会主义的探索历程
【汉语原文】
改革全面发力、多点突破、纵深推进,着力增强改革系统性、整体性、协同性,压茬拓展改革广度和深度,推出一千五百多项改革举措,重要领域和关键环节改革取得突破性进展,主要领域改革主体框架基本确立。
【参考译文】
We have taken moves across the board, achieved breakthroughs in many areas, and made further progress in reform. We have pursued reform in a more systematic, holistic, and coordinated way, increasing its coverage and depth. Thanks to the launch of over 1,500 reform measures, breakthroughs have been made in key areas, and general frameworks for reform have been established in major fields.
(本段为执行者自圈,教师用书无覆盖)
段落二|生态文明建设成果
【汉语原文】
生态文明制度体系加快形成,主体功能区制度逐步健全,国家公园体制试点积极推进。全面节约资源有效推进,能源资源消耗强度大幅下降。
【参考译文】
Efforts to develop a system of institutions for building an eco-civilization have been accelerated; the system of functional zoning has been steadily improved; and progress has been made in piloting the national park system. Across-the-board efforts to conserve resources have seen encouraging progress; the intensity of energy and resource consumption has been significantly reduced.
(本段为执行者自圈,教师用书无覆盖)
修复记录
底本:知识清单/U01-02_核心词条与典范例句.md(含旧清单 PDF 原件 U01-02_知识清单.pdf 4 页,仅图片层,文字层只有水印)。
本单元条目来源分配说明:旧清单将教材第一、二单元合并为一份(U01-02)。本清单按条目的学生用书单元归属拆分——凡中文原文出自学生用书第一单元者归 U01,出自第二单元者归 U02。因教材第一单元为”语言特色”总论单元,可用的中英对照条目集中在「多义词」一节,故本清单体量小于 U02,属正常现象。
已修复缺陷
| 编号 | 缺陷类型 | 原文(旧清单) | 修复后 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | OCR 乱码/水印残片 | 三字水印被 OCR 错切为无意义双字词后嵌入正文(“南×泽”型,正文中散布约 20 处) | 全部剔除,改由 PDF 原件重新录入 |
| 2 | 页脚水印 | 页脚残留”机构名 + 页码串”(形如”第 □ 页共 □ 页 + 出题机构名”) | 全部剔除 |
| 3 | 英文缺空格/粘连 | 定冠词与后词粘连(“the”+名词)、介词与专有名词粘连(“with”+Chinese 等)共 2 处 | 已逐处还原分词,恢复正常空格 |
| 4 | 英文缺空格 | 5,oo0 years | 已修正为 5,000 years |
| 5 | 中文错别字 | 「广衰土地」(应为「广袤」)、「磅之力」(应为「磅礴之力」) | 已修正 |
| 6 | 中文原文整体丢失 | 多处例句的【汉语原文】被水印文字顶替 | 已用学生用书 PDF 原文层逐条回补,全部补齐 |
| 7 | 英文词间粘连(PDF 文字层缺陷) | to providea source、guidancefor our people、Chineseethos、ofour times、lb meet、standardsand imposes、buildingan eco-civilization、civilityare significantlyenhanced | 逐处还原分词与大小写 |
存疑条目:无。本单元全部条目均已在学生用书 PDF 原文层定位到出处;【汉语原文】长度均 ≥ 10 字,无待人工核对项。
未收录说明:学生用书第一单元的句法特点(主语省略句、连动句、主谓短句、流水句、并列句、长句)与修辞特点(四字格、反复、譬喻、对偶、排比、用典、群众语言)各例,教材只给中文、未附官方译文,依”不得创作内容”红线不予收录,亦不用英文译文回译补全。