Unit 03 背诵清单|中国特色社会主义最本质的特征和中国特色社会主义制度的最大优势

学生用书第三单元(目录作”第三单元 坚持和加强党的全面领导”),PDF 第 59–74 页。术语层以教师用书第三单元”核心概念中英文汇总表”为准,例句与段落层取自学生用书同名板块,并与教师用书”重点段落分析与翻译”核对一致。

一、核心术语

1. 本单元核心概念

序号中文核心概念 / 术语官方标准译文
1领导核心the core role in providing overall leadership;the core leadership;the leadership core
2”两个确立”Two Affirmations (The Party has affirmed Comrade Xi Jinping’s core position on the Party Central Committee and in the Party as a whole, and the guiding role of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era.)
3”四个意识”Four Consciousnesses (to maintain political commitment, think in terms of the general picture, follow the core leadership of the CPC Central Committee, and act in accordance with its requirements)
4”四个自信”Four-sphere Confidence (confidence in the path, theory, system, and culture of socialism with Chinese characteristics)
5”两个维护”Two Upholds (to uphold General Secretary Xi Jinping’s core position on the CPC Central Committee and in the Party as a whole, and uphold the Central Committee’s authority and its centralized, unified leadership)
6国之大者the country’s most fundamental interests

2. 补充概念(教师用书标 * 项)

序号中文核心概念 / 术语官方标准译文
7党中央集中统一领导the centralized and unified leadership of the Central Committee;the centralized, unified leadership of the Central Committee;the Central Committee’s centralized, unified leadership
8党的全面领导the Party’s overall leadership;the Party’s comprehensive leadership;Party leadership in all respects;overall Party leadership in all realms and respects
9党的领导方式the way the Party exercises (its) leadership
10党的领导水平the Party’s capacity for exercising leadership

3. 术语拆解:分项译法

序号中文核心概念 / 术语官方标准译文
11中国特色社会主义最本质的特征the defining feature of socialism with Chinese characteristics
12习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era
13”四个意识”·政治意识to maintain political commitment
14”四个意识”·大局意识to think in terms of the general picture
15”四个意识”·核心意识to follow the core leadership of the CPC Central Committee
16”四个意识”·看齐意识to act in accordance with the requirements of the CPC Central Committee
17”四个自信”·道路自信the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics
18”四个自信”·理论自信the theory of socialism with Chinese characteristics
19”四个自信”·制度自信the system of socialism with Chinese characteristics
20”四个自信”·文化自信the culture of socialism with Chinese characteristics

二、典范例句

例句 1

【汉语原文】 中国共产党领导是中国特色社会主义最本质的特征,是中国特色社会主义制度的最大优势。

【参考译文】 Party leadership is the defining feature of socialism with Chinese characteristics and the greatest strength of China’s socialist system.

例句 2

【汉语原文】 党政军民学,东西南北中,党是领导一切的。

【参考译文】 The Party exercises overall leadership over all areas of endeavor in every part of the country.

例句 3

【汉语原文】 坚持和加强党的全面领导,首先要维护党中央权威和集中统一领导。

【参考译文】 Upholding the CPC Central Committee’s authority and its centralized, unified leadership is the prerequisite for bolstering overall Party leadership.

例句 4

【汉语原文】 只有党中央有权威,才能把全党牢固凝聚起来,进而把全国各族人民紧密团结起来,形成万众一心、无坚不摧的磅礴力量。

【参考译文】 Only with authority can the CPC Central Committee pool the strength of all Party members and unite the whole Party and the whole nation, bringing into being an invincible force of the same aspiration.

例句 5

【汉语原文】 没有中国共产党,就没有新中国,就没有中华民族伟大复兴。

【参考译文】 Without the Communist Party of China, there would be no new China and no national rejuvenation.

例句 6

【汉语原文】 党的领导是党和国家的根本所在、命脉所在,是全国各族人民的利益所系、命运所系。

【参考译文】 The leadership of the Party is the foundation and lifeblood of the Party and the country and is the pillar upon which the interests and wellbeing of all Chinese people depend.

三、重点段落

段落一|办好中国的事情,关键在党

【汉语原文】

办好中国的事情,关键在党。中华民族近代以来 180 多年的历史、中国共产党成立以来 100 年的历史、中华人民共和国成立以来 70 多年的历史都充分证明,没有中国共产党,就没有新中国,就没有中华民族伟大复兴。历史和人民选择了中国共产党。中国共产党领导是中国特色社会主义最本质的特征,是中国特色社会主义制度的最大优势,是党和国家的根本所在、命脉所在,是全国各族人民的利益所系、命运所系。

【参考译文】

China’s success hinges on the Party. The more than 180-year-long modern history of the Chinese nation, the 100-year-long history of the Party, and the more than 70-year-long history of the People’s Republic of China all provide ample evidence that without the Communist Party of China, there would be no new China and no national rejuvenation. The Party was chosen by history and the people. The leadership of the Party is the defining feature of socialism with Chinese characteristics and constitutes the greatest strength of this system. It is the foundation and lifeblood of the Party and the country, and the crux upon which the interests and wellbeing of all Chinese people depend.

(2021 年 7 月 1 日,习近平在庆祝中国共产党成立 100 周年大会上的讲话)

段落二|党中央权威和集中统一领导

【汉语原文】

党中央权威和集中统一领导,最关键的是政治领导。看一名党员干部特别是高级干部的素质和能力,首先看政治上是否站得稳、靠得住。站得稳、靠得住,最重要的就是要牢固树立”四个意识”,自觉在思想上政治上行动上同党中央保持高度一致,坚决维护党中央权威和集中统一领导,在各项工作中毫不动摇、百折不挠贯彻落实党中央决策部署,不打任何折扣,不耍任何小聪明,不搞任何小动作。

【参考译文】

Political leadership is crucial to the CPC Central Committee’s authority and its centralized, unified leadership. When we assess the caliber and capabilities of Party members and officials, especially those in high positions, we will judge in the first place whether they are politically resolute and reliable. A purposeful and trustworthy official must have the Four Consciousnesses, keep in line with the Central Committee in thinking, action and political orientation, uphold the authority of the Central Committee and its centralized, unified leadership, resolutely implement the Central Committee’s decisions and plans in all their work, and not engage in political maneuverings.

(2017 年 10 月 25 日,习近平在中共十九届一中全会上的讲话)


修复记录

底本:知识清单/U03_中国特色社会主义本质与优势.md。

旧清单状态:正文完全为空。 该文件仅有 frontmatter、一级标题与「一、核心概念与时政术语速查」「二、典范例句与文献选段双语精析」两个空标题,术语表只有表头无内容,例句层无任何条目——即第五、六节所述三类缺陷在该单元表现为整份内容缺失。

处理方式:无可修复对象,全部三层按本任务单第五节规格重新建立:

层来源
一、核心术语(1–10)教师用书 U3「核心概念中英文汇总表」
一、核心术语(11–20)学生用书 U3「一、核心概念解读」原文中的官方译文
二、典范例句 1–5学生用书 U3「二、关键语句理解与翻译」
二、典范例句 6教师用书 U3「四、拓展训练·2 句子翻译」第 1 题
三、重点段落 1–2学生用书 U3「三、重点段落分析与翻译」,与教师用书同名板块核对一致

已修正的录入缺陷

编号缺陷处理
1教师用书汇总表”领导核心”行第三项原文作 · # the leadership core,含无效符号 #已剔除符号,保留译法本体 the leadership core(未改动译文)
2学生用书 PDF 文字层丢失英文撇号,作 Chinas socialist system、Peoples Republic of China、CPC Central Committees authority、Central Committees decisions已按规范还原为 China's、People's、CPC Central Committee's、Central Committee's
3例句 4 译文末残留排版符号已剔除

存疑条目:无。15 条术语与 6 条例句、2 个段落均已定位到教师用书或学生用书原文出处;【汉语原文】均 ≥ 10 字。

未收录说明:教师用书 U3 第三、四段(补充阅读)含大量用典示例(直译/直译加注/意译/增译/省译/替代/回译),教师用书按本任务单第九节第 3 条红线(策略分析不入清单)未予收录,段落层只保留教材标定的”重点段落”一、二。